The theory of minimum entropy production or minimum rate of energy dissipation shows that a river is stable when it is in a relative equilibrium condition . ( 3 ) the river facies formulas of alluvial river have been developed using the theory of minimum rate of energy dissipation together with flow continuity and motion equations , suspended load transport or bed load transport equation . ( 4 ) the causes of the river patterns are explained using the theory of minimum rate of energy dissipation ( 3 )基于最小能耗率原理,以水流能耗率作为目标函数,以水流连续方程、水流运动方程及悬移质挟沙力公式或推移质输沙率公式作为约束条件,通过对目标函数求条件极值,分别推导出以悬移质造床为主的显式河相关系式和以推移质造床为主的显式河相关系式。
The two basic theories of non - equilibrium thermodynamics , the minimum entropy production and the dissipative structure , are introduced . it will be shown that , by using the relationship between the entropy production and the rate of energy dissipation , the minimum entropy production is equivalent to the minimum rate of energy dissipation 本文首先介绍了非平衡态热力学的两个基本理论?最小熵产生原理和耗散结构理论,并根据熵产生与能耗率关系,得出最小熵产生原理与最小能耗率原理二者等价的推论。
The optimum design mathematical models of both kind channels are developed in accordance with the theory of minimum rate of energy dissipation . the rate of energy dissipation of flow is used as the objective function , and the condition of both non - eroding and non - silting , or the condition of equilibrium of eroding and silting is the constraint 以水流能耗率作为稳定渠道设计的目标函数,分别以渠道不冲不淤平衡和冲淤平衡作为约束条件,建立起稳定渠道优化设计数学模型,求解渠道底宽、水深、比降的优化值及相应流速。
Have to out : 1 temperature constructional reinforcing not can place in heat area to mass concrete design . temperature constructional reinforcing of bottom of mass concrete need content that owing to temperature change produce bottom control stress smaller than anti - pull strength at the same . get minimum rate of reinforcing to content construct request 得出: 1在大体积混凝土结构的温度构造钢筋配置中,构造钢筋不宜放置于高温区;大体积混凝土的底部温度构造钢筋应满足温度变化产生的底部约束拉应力小于混凝土同龄期的抗拉强度的要求,从而求出抗拉要求的最小配筋率。