be bound to 必定,必须; 必定,一定; 必定,肯定; 决心; 肯定,注定;一定要; 一定;必然; 一定会…,必然…; 一定要..; 有义务; 注定,必定
bound n. 〔pl.〕 1.界限,界线,限度。 2.边界,边境;边界线内的领土。 3.区域,领域,范围。 the bounds of space and time 时空范围。 the farthest bounds of the ocean 大洋最远的界限。 beyond the bounds of 越出…的范围以外,为…所不及。 break bounds 越轨;过度,逾限;【军事】擅自进入军事禁区。 keep within bounds 使不过度;约束,守规;持中。 know no bounds 不知足,无厌,无限制。 out of bounds 1. 越界,越轨,越限。 2. 禁止…入内 (to) (The ball bounced out of bounds. 球跳出界外。 The park is out of bounds to students. 此公园不准学生入内)。 set 〔put〕bounds to 限制。 within (the) bounds 在规定范围内,不越轨。 vt. 1.限,限制。 2.形成…的界限[边界],以…为界,邻接。 3.指出…的范围[界限]。 bound one's desires by reason 以理性约束欲望。 The United States is bounded on the north by Canada. 美国北与加拿大接壤。 The students were asked to bound their country. 学生被要求指出本国的国界。 vi. 〔古语〕接界 (with)。 n. 跳,跳跃,跳起;弹跳;跃进。 a bound forward 向前跳跃。 hit a ball on the bound 在球跳起来的时候击球。 at a [with one] bound 一跃,一跳。 by leaps and bounds 连跑带跳地,飞快地(advance by leaps and bounds 进步飞跃)。 vt. 使跳跃,使弹起。 vi. 跳跃;跳起,弹起;跳开。 bound to one's feet 一跃而起。 The ball bounded against the wall. 球从墙上反弹回来。 bound into fame [favor] 一举成名[受欢迎]。 bound on [upon] 猛扑(The leopard bounded on the prey. 那只豹猛扑向猎物)。 adj. 1.绑着的,被束缚的。 2.负有义务的,有责任的,理应…的;受(合同、法律等)约束的。 3.装订的,有封面的。 4.被…封锁的;秘结的,便秘的。 5.必定的,肯定的。 6.〔美俚〕下了决心的,决心要…。 7.密切关联的;【化、物】结合的;黏合的,耦合的。 a bound prisoner 被绑缚着的犯人。 She is bound to her family. 她被家庭束缚住了。 man-bound 因人员不足不能开船的。 ice-bound 冰封的。 desk-bound 整日伏案工作的。 He is bound by the terms of the contract. 他受到合同条款的约束。 a book bound in leather 皮面精装书。 bound volume 合订本。 It's bound to happen. 这件事必然要发生。 She is bound to go. 她决心要走。 be bound up in 热中于,专心于,忙于(bound up in one's work 专心工作)。 be bound up with 和…有密切关系。 I'll be bound 一定,保证,我可以担保。 adj. 〔作述语用〕 1.开往(某处)去的,要往(某处)去的。 2.〔古语〕准备,打算。 Where are you bound (for)? 你到哪里去? be bound for 以…为目的地的 (The train is bound for Denver. 列车开往丹佛)。
The necessary and sufficient condition for degree reducible nurbs curves in an explicit form is given . and a new way of doing degree reduction of nurbs curves is also presented in detail , including the multi - degree reduction of a nurbs curve on each knot span and the multi - degree reduction of a whole nurbs curve . the corresponding formula of error estimation and error bound are given also 推导出了nurbs曲线可退化的显式充要条件,并进一步详细地给出nurbs曲线降多阶的一种新方法,包括一段nurbs曲线的降多阶和一整条nurbs曲线的降多阶,并给出了相应的误差估一计公式及误差界
In this paper , a class of the second order accurate explicit gauss schemes with staggered grids for the computation of solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws are presented , the advantages of these schemes are : riemann solver - free , faster and programming is much simple , no complete set of eigenvectors is needed and hence weakly hyperbolic system can be solved . in one dimensional case , these schemes are and total variation diminishing and convergence under the restriction of cfl condition , the convergence rate is the first order , and a pointwise error bound is presented 本文在交错网格的情况下,利用gauss型求积公式构造了一类求解双曲守恒律的时空一致二阶显式gauss型差分格式,这类gauss型差分格式,具有不需要求解riemann问题、计算简单、工作量少、编程简便等优美特点,而且由于这类格式在应用于求解方程组的时候,不需要对方程组进行特征分解,因此可应用于求解非严格的双曲守恒律方程组。
Moreover , when the parameter is chosen in a certain interval , it is proved that the generalized d - gap function g has bounded level sets for the strongly monotone vip . an error bound estimation of the algorithm is obtained , which partially gives an answer to the question raised by yamashita ( 1997 ) et al 更进一步,当广义d -间隙函数g _ ( )中的参数取值于某一区间时,证明了函数g _ ( )对于强单调变分不等式而言,具有有界的水平集,同时,给出了算法的一个误差界估计,它部分回答了yamashita等人提出的一个问题。
In section two we derived one iterative method for solving the nonlinear equations , proved the properities of the majoring funtion and the convergence of the majoring sequence , gave one variety of iterative methmod and proved it . finally , the convergent condtions with one existed convergent theorem are amended and we also prove its convergence and get its error bounds . at last , it is proved that a midpint mehtod is convenge under the criterion of weak conditon 第三章对于已有的收敛性定理,给出了条件的修正,即去掉了文献[ 5 ]中f ( x )的二级导函数满足- hlder连续这一条件,用递推方法证明了king - werner迭代法收敛,并得到误差估计。
If the inviscid solution includes the interaction that a central rarefaction wave collides with the boundary and the boundary reflects a new shock wave which is tangent to the boundary , or the inviscid solution includes some shock wave which is tangent to the boundary , then the error of the viscosity solution to the inviscid solution is bounded by o in l1 - norm ; otherwise , as in the initial value problem , the error bound is o 如果无粘解包含中心稀疏波与边界相撞且边界反射一个与之相切的新激波这样的相互作用,或者无粘解包含与边界相切的激波,那么在l ~ 1 -范数下粘性解与无粘解间的误差界是o ( ~ ( 1 / 2 ) + | ln | + ) ;否则,类似于初始值问题,误差界是o ( | ln | + ) 。
Chapter 2 establishes the theoretical framework of a class of dual algorithms for solving nonlinear optimization problems with inequality constraints . we prove , under some mild assumptions , the local convergence theorem for this class of dual algorithms and present the error bound for approximate solutions . the modified barrier function methods of polyak ( 1992 ) and the augmented lagrange function method of bertsekas ( 1982 ) are verified to be the special cases of the class of dual algorithms 第2章建立求解不等式约束优化问题的一类对偶算法的理论框架,在适当的假设条件下,证明了该类算法的局部收敛性质,并给出近似解的误差界,验证了polyak ( 1992 )的修正障碍函数算法以及bertsekas ( 1982 )的增广lagrange函数算法都是这类算法的特例。
One is , based on answering the above open problem on a finite dimensional euclidean space by means of partially ordered theory , to research the existence of solutions , global error bounds of proximal solutions and sensitivity of parametric unique solutions and present a class of variable - parameter three - step iterative algorithms for generalized set - valued variational inclusion problems by using - resolvent operator of set - valued mapping . two is to consider the convexity , closedness and boundedness of the solution set of general set - valued variational inclusion problems and the sensitivity of the parametric solution set by means of graphical convergence theory . three is to discuss directly the existence of solutions by using analytical methods for set - valued mixed quasi - variational - like inequalities and suggest a class of direct variable - parameter three - step iterative algorithms for solving generalized set - valued variational inclusions 研究分有三个方面:一是借助于偏序理论在有限维欧氏空间中解决了上述公开问题,在此基础上利用集值映射的-预解算子,研究了广义集值变分包含问题解的存在性、逼近解的全局误差界、参数唯一解的灵敏性,并提出了一类变参数三步迭代算法;二是借助于图收敛理论研究了一般集值变分包含问题解集的凸性、闭性和有界性以及参数解集的灵敏性;三是用分析的方法直接讨论了集值混合拟类变分不等式问题解的存在性并提出了一类求解广义集值变分包含问题的直接变参数三步迭代算法。
Here we consider the choice of the parameter as the norm of the gratitude of the function . we prove under the local error bound condition that the levenberg - marquardt method with this parameter converges quadraticlly to a solution of the system of the equations . and we also present two globally convergent levenberg - marquardt algorithms using line search techniques and trust region approach respectively 我们提出选取迭代参数为当前迭代点处函数梯度的模,在局部误差界条件下, levenberg - marquardt方法依然具有二阶收敛性,并考虑了线搜索和信赖域技巧的levenberg - marquardt方法,分析了其全局收敛性。
We apply the b - spline smoothed rejection sampling method to importance sampling . numerical experiments show that the error size o ( n - 1 ) is regained by using the b - spline smoothed rejection method for quasi - monte carlo estimate . the error bound of monte carlo method using b - spline smoothed importance sampling is also better than that of the standard monte carlo method 将b样条光滑拒绝方法用于重要抽样估计,数值例子显示拟蒙特卡罗积分的精度重新达到了o ( n ~ ( - 1 ) )的阶,而对于蒙特卡罗积分,采用b样条光滑重要抽样,其精度也比标准积分的精度o ( n ~ ( - 2 / 1 ) )好。
( 7 ) an adaptive robust iterative learning control method is presented for the control of mimo nonlinear uncertain systems the scheme ceases both learning and adaptation whenever the previous iteration error enters a pre - specified error bound , in the sequel enhances the robustness of the control system and meanwhile achieves arbitrary tracking accuracy ( 8 )基于模糊方法研究了一类mimo非线性不确定系统的自适应鲁棒h 。控制问题。由于结合了自适应模糊控制、 vsc设计以及h .控制几种方法,因而是一种混合的控制方案。