To strengthen basins , non - point source pollution control , put the control into practice , build monitoring system online for pollution source , construct pollution treatment project , carry out research on oxygenation and direct - cleaning in lake or river , set up three gorges reservoir water pollution control laws and region regulations , deal with properly the ex - development between resource exploitation and environment prevention , and walk on the sustainable development road are important measures 针对已发生和潜在的水环境污染问题,提出了加强流域非点源污染的管理、实施总量控制、建立污染源在线监测系统、立项建设污染治理工程、开展河湖水域接触氧化直接净化技术的科研和实践、制定《三峡库区水污染防治法》地方法规、正确处理资源开发与环境保护协调发展的关系、走可持续发展道路等多项防治对策与建议。
Building non - point source pollution spatial database of the three - gorge reservoir area can not only know about the background , status and rule of non - point source pollution and assessing non - point source critical area and calculating pollution load but also provide the scientific dependent for bringing forward quantity control goal and establishing control stratagem of non - point source pollution of the three - gorge reservoir area 建立三峡库区农业面源污染空间数据库不仅可以查清三峡库区农业面源污染的背景状况、现状、规律和三峡水库水体污染现状及其容量,进行危险性评价,确定三峡库区水体的污染负荷,而且可以为提出三峡库区面源污染物总量控制目标并制定三峡库区农业面污染控制战略提供科学依据。
In the present paper , a complete attribute and spatial database on anpsp is designed and created in three different levels of scale , hang - jia - hu plain ( 1 : 250000 ) , pinghu city ( 1 : 50000 ) , and field experiment ( 1 : 2000 ) . based on the gis technique , especially webgis technique ( arcims , arcsde ) , an agricultural non - point source pollution information system ( anpspis ) has been established in order to serve the management , planning and decision - making of anpsp in hang - jia - hu water - net plain 本文以太湖流域杭嘉湖地区的1 250000 (杭嘉湖平原) 、 1 50000 (平湖市) 、 1 2000 (样板区)三种不同比例尺的系统研究为例,建立了一整套农业面源污染的属性和空间数据库,通过利用gis及其相关技术,特别是webgis技术( arcims 、 arcsde )的应用,建立了一个基于webgis的农业面源污染信息系统( anpspis ) 。
Non - point source pollution metadata of the three - gorge reservoir area in chongqing not can only help manage and maintain huge data , set up data document , know about data items of the non - point source pollution study in three - gorge reservoir . provide data format , projection , scale , etc . , but also can provide effective way and technicle means for spare data and comm 从评价结果中可以得出重庆市三峡库区面源污染危险性高和较高的区域占全库区面积的3 . 71 % ,危险性中等的地区占整个流域面积的6 . 76 % 。
Little is known about how to control anpsp due to lack of the related theory and practical experience . especially there is no satisfactory measure to reduce the runoff and leaching of n and p from agriculture into rivers and lakes . it ' s very significant in both theory and realism to reduce agricultural non - point source pollution and protect our ecological environment for realizing the harmonious development of resource , environment and agriculture in china 农业面源污染是困扰我国社会、经济持续发展的一个严重的环境问题,主要是由于农业面源污染具有量大面广、分散的特点,并受自然条件突发性、偶然性和随机性的制约,现阶段我们对农业面源污染情况的了解程度远远不如点源污染,还缺乏整治的相关理论基础和实践经验,减少污染物尤其是氮、磷营养的排放具有相当大的难度,因此控制农业面源污染、保护和优化生态环境对实现我国资源、环境和农业协调发展有重要的理论和现实意义。