We successfully apply the two - fluid model ( tem ) and kinetic theory of granular flow studying the two dimensional dense gas - solid flow characteristics in the large scale circulating fluidized beds and the cold experimental system with piv . the results of simulation are in accord with others " simulation and experimental results . in the end , we make the three dimensional simulation for the cold cfb riser , which is closer to the factual operation and this experimental results 在对高浓度气固两相流的研究中,根据fluent软件现有的条件和解决工程实际问题的需要,采用单气固相双流体欧拉模型,采用模拟紊流固粒流中普遍接受的方法“颗粒流的运动理论( kinetictheoryofgranularflow ) ” ,对大尺度循环流化床进行了二维数值模拟,与他人数值模拟结果和实验结果进行了对比,检验模型的准确性。
The second part introduces the composition and work principle of magneto - rheological fluid ( mrf ) , renders the rheological mechanics model of mrf , analyzes the work model of mrf , introduces the application of mrf . in this part , the work model of mrf is divided into fluid model , shearing model and mixed model 接着,在论文的第二部分,介绍了磁流变液( magneto - rheologicalfluid , mrf )的组成和工作原理,给出了磁流变液的流变力学模型,分析了磁流变液的工作模式,介绍了磁流变液的应用。
In the calculation , the energy deposited in aluminum by proton beams is first calculated by m - c simulation , then a 1 - d elastic - plastic fluid model is used to simulate the following thermal shock wave process as a result of thermal - mechanical effect by proton irradiation . the shape of proton is taken as a rectangle pulse with a width of 0 . 1 microseconds , the energy flux o 对于3mm的铝材料,入射粒子束为矩形脉冲(脉宽为0 . 1 s )的情况下,计算得到了电子束、质子束辐照引起铝材料断裂的能注量阈值与入射电子束、质子束能量的关系曲线,该曲线存在最小值,分别对应6mev的质子束的34 . 7j cm ~ 2和0 . 35mev电子束的42 . 1j cm ~ 2 。
Many fluid models just present only one aspect of fluid , and can " t present some important properties simultaneously , such as speed , heightfield etc . . which are necessary in many fluid simulation systems . although the traditional raytraced - based rendering algorithms can obtain high quality graphics , they can " t be used in real - time systems . this paper investigates the existing fluid models and rendering algorithms firstly 许多现有的流体模型只能单独描述流体的某些属性,不能同时描述流体的一些重要属性,如:速度,高度域等,而这些属性在很多与水流有关的仿真系统中是必不可少的;传统的光线跟踪渲染算法能够产生具有很强真实感的图形,但是不能够满足实时的需求。
Firstly , based on the present research all over the world , a 3d quasi - single phase model is built together with k - equations . the special feature of this model is taking account of the influence of interaction between liquid and gas , that is to say , the influence of interphase drag force , lifting force perpendicular to the relative velocity , virtual mass force and gas or liquid volume fraction in the fluid field have been considered . a 3d two - fluid model is also built in order to describe more accurately the fluid flow on distillation trays by comparing the computational results of quasi - single phase mathematical model with of two - fluid mathematical model 本文在国内外已有的研究基础上,首先建立了以k - (封闭模型为基础的三维拟单相流模型,该模型的特点在于充分考虑了气液两相间相互作用的影响,即计入了相间曳力、横向升力、虚拟质量力和气、液相含率对流场的影响;并建立了塔板三维双流体模型,主要目的是通过对比拟单相流数学模型、双流体数学模型的计算结果,建立能够准确描述塔板上流体流动的数学模型。