Proceeding from the function and the generalization of the property rights , also the particularity of the natural resources ’ property rights , on the basis of the analysis of the metaphor of “ the tragedy of commons ” , the thesis compare the three choices for avoiding “ the tragedy of commons ” in the arrangement for the institution of the natural resources property rights : private property rights , common property rights , the independence organization and the independence management 本文从产权制度的功能以及产权制度的一般性与自然资源产权制度的特殊性分析入手,在对“公地悲剧”隐喻的分析基础上,比较了可供选择的规避“公地悲剧”的三种自然资源产权制度安排,即私有产权、公有产权、自主组织与自主治理。