The basic idea for hierarchy - based method is that creating and maintaining a tree of clusters and sub - clusters according to some kind of criterion to measure the distance of clusters , the procedure will be sloped until some terminal conditions are satisfied . hierarchical clustering method can be further classified into agglomerative and divisive hierarchical clustering , depending on whether the hierarchical decomposition is formed in a bottom - up or top - down fashion . most hierarchical clustering methods can produce the better results when the clusters are compact or spherical in shape . but they do not perform well if the clusters are any shape or there are outliers . a main reason is that the most hierarchical clustering methods employ medoid - based measurement as distance between clusters 基于层次方法的聚类的基本思想足:根据给定的簇间距离度量准则,构造利维护一棵由簇利子簇形成的聚类树,直至满足某个终结条件为止。根据层次分解是自底向上还是自顶向下形成,层次聚类方法可以分为凝聚的( agglomerative )和分裂的( divisive ) 。人多数层次聚类算法在紧密簇或球形簇结构下能够产生较好的聚类效果。
The second part deals with the relationship between agglomerative effect and suburb urbanization . on the basis of the study on the connotation , classifications , causes of formation and functions of suburb urbanization , by analyzing economy and diseconomy of agglomeration , the paper emphasizes the research on the impacts that the agglomerative effect makes to the behavior and location choices of enterprises and residents , which lead to the conclusion that the agglomerative effect is the main dynamical mechanism of suburb urbanization 从聚集效应入手,对郊区城市化进行了一般的经济学分析,在研究了聚集效应的涵义、分类、成因和作用的基础上,通过对聚集经济与聚集不经济的分析,着重研究了聚集效益对厂商、居民行为的影响以及对厂商与居民的区位选择的影响,从而说明聚集效应是郊区城市化的主要动力机制。
Because of the rapid development of urban economy and the agglomerative the which is higher than that of general cities , big cities are developing at a surprising speed and their scale and number are increasing rapidly the development of big cities also leads to a series of urban illness such as the deteriorative residential condition , traffic congestion and urban environment aggravation , so researching urban structure pattem - is an important subject of modern urban planning 由于城市经济的高速发展和具有比一般城市更高的“集聚效应” ,大城市以空前的速度迅速发展,城市的数量和规模急剧增长。但是,大城市的高速发展也导致了诸如居住条件恶劣、交通拥挤、城市环境恶化等一系列“城市病”的产生。
In this article the chelating precipitation method and the converting precipitation method were chosed to synthesis zno nanoparticles on the basis of the theory of synthesis of nanoparticles by precipitation . uniform and dispersed zno nanoparticles were prepared by the two methods because zn2 + of conformation crystal was flee slowly and the supersaturation was well controlled . the problem which zno nanoparticles are wide size and agglomerative was solved 本文根据均相沉淀法合成纳米粒子的原理,采用络合沉淀法和沉淀转化法合成纳米氧化锌。这两种方法利用溶液中的构晶阳离子zn ~ ( 2 + ) ,缓慢地释放出来,有效地控制了溶液中的过饱和度,可以得到粒径均匀、分散的纳米氧化锌,解决现有制备工艺中纳米氧化锌粒径分布宽、易团聚的问题。
The studying method of flora adopted by this thesis are follows : the statistics of the dominant families and genera , along with single families and genera , abundance index ( ai ) , similarity coefficient of genus ( scg ) , floristic spectrum analysis ( fsa ) , principal components analysis ( pca ) , as well as agglomerative classification analysis ( aca ) 16 ;单种属占总属数的39 39 ,其种数仅占总种数的门26 ;而6个优势科中所含的种数占到总种数的903 , 9个优势属中所含的种数占总种数的47