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1. The microorganism which produce ethanol from lignocellulose must be able to dissimilate both five - carbon and six - carbon sugars and consist of the pdc and adh ii which are key enzymes in ethanol formation . regretfully , no naturally occurring organism can efficiently1 produce ethanol from all monosaccharides
   要从木质纤维素生成乙醇，所利用的微生物必须能同化所有的戊糖、已糖成分，而且含有生成乙醇的关键酶：丙酮酸脱羧酶( pdc )和乙醇脱氢酶( adh ) 。
2. E . coli is capable of metabolizing both hexose and pentose sugars , but it lacks pdc - adh ii system . however , , zymomonas mobilis is able to produce ethanol efficiently by an overactive pdc - adh ii system , but its utilizable substrate range is restricted to glucose and fructose
   大肠杆菌含有同化戊糖和己糖的所有必需酶，但缺乏pdc - adh系统，只能生成非常少的酒精。相反，运动发酵单胞菌具有较强的pdc - adh系统，能很好地发酵生成酒精，但只能利用葡萄糖和果糖。
3. The genes encoding pyruvate decarboxylase ( pdc ) and alcohol dehydrogenase ii ( adh ii ) were amplified from total dna of zymomonas mobilis by pcr . the genes of adhb andpdc were inserted into expression vector pse380 and then transformed into e . coli dh5a . the recombinant strains were induced to express adh ii and pdc with iptg
   本论文以zymomonasmobilisdna为模板， pcr扩增zymomonasmobilis中的乙醇脱氢酶基因( adhb )和丙酮酸脱羧酶基因( pdc ) ，分别构建表达质粒pse - adhb和pse - pdc并在大肠杆菌dh5中表达。
4. The tested isozymes included esterase ( est ) 、 superoxide dismutase ( sod ) 、 malate . dehydrogenase ( mdh ) 、 malic enzyme ( me ) 、 glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh ) 、 peroxidase ( per ) and alcohol dehydrogenase ( adh ) . there were obvious differences between the normal strain and its degenerative strain in est 、 mdh 、 me 、 sod . the zymotype were the same in the other isozymes . the results were not only used to test the degenerative strain at young stage , but also as the theoretical base to study the genetic mechanism of the degenerative strain
   而其余四种酶在正常菌株和退化菌株中酶谱一致。本研究不仅可以作为菌株退化早期鉴别的手段之一，而且为进一步研究菌种退化遗传机理提供了蛋白质水平上的一些理论依据。